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General (ret.) Surayud Chulanont ((タイ語:สุรยุทธ์ จุลานนท์), RTGS: Surayut Chulanon; born 28 August 1943) is a Thai politician. He was the Prime Minister of Thailand and head of Thailand's interim government between 2006 and 2008. He is a former Supreme Commander of the Royal Thai Army, and currently Privy Councilor to King Bhumibol Adulyadej. Surayud came from a military family, but Surayud's father defected from the Royal Thai Army to the Communist Party of Thailand when Surayud was a young boy. Surayud joined the Thai Army and rose to power as a close aide to General Prem Tinsulanonda. He commanded troops during Bloody May, the violent 1992 crackdown on anti-government protestors, but he denied giving his men the order to shoot protesters. He was promoted to Army Commander during the government of Chuan Leekpai and was promoted to Supreme Commander in 2003, under the government of Thaksin Shinawatra. Upon retirement from the Army, King Bhumibol Adulyadej appointed Surayud to his Privy Council of personal advisors. Surayud and Privy Council President Prem Tinsulanonda played a key role in the promotion of General Sonthi Boonratklin to the position of Army Commander. General Sonthi overthrew the government of Thaksin Shinawatra in a coup on 19 September 2006 and afterwards implored Surayud to be the head of interim government. Surayud's government was a controversial one. There was a significant worsening in perceived levels of corruption during his government.〔Transparency International, ( 2007 Corruption Perceptions Index )〕 Surayud's Deputy Finance Minister, Sommai Pasee, was sentenced to jail for abuse of power.〔The Nation, (Convicted deputy finance minister resigns ), 13 December 2007〕 Surayud raised the military budget by 35% and was accused of economic mismanagement, rampant human rights abuses, and flip-flopping on numerous policies. Article 19 ranked Thailand as falling behind Cambodia and Indonesia in terms of freedom of expression.〔The Nation, (Defamation law decried ), 16 October 2007〕 Thailand's economic growth rate slowed to the lowest level in five years and was ranked the lowest in the region.〔Bangkok Post, (Thailand's economic growth lowest in region, World Bank says )〕〔Xinhua, (World Bank urges Thailand to enhance economy ), 15 November 2007〕 However, Surayud was praised for apologizing for atrocities committed by the Thai military fighting the South Thailand insurgency, although the apology was accompanied by a sharp escalation in violence. He has been accused of forest reserve encroachment (a charge that was not investigated since the statute of limitations had run out by 2 years) and illegally acquiring train carriages for display in his forest home. He is married to Chitravadi Santhadwet Chulanont ((タイ語:จิตรวดี สันทัดเวช)) and has three sons, Captain Non, Khao, and Nam. == Family and education == Surayud came from a long line of military leaders, and was reported to have some Chinese ancestry.〔 (泰總理提人民幸福新標準 ．劉振廷 ); (政治 )〕 His maternal grandfather was Phraya Sri Sitthi Songkhram (Din Tharab), a royalist leader during the failed Boworadej Rebellion. Surayud's father was Lt. Colonel Phayom Chulanont, a Royal Thai Army military officer who, as "Comrade Too Khamtan" ((タイ語:สหายตู้คำตัน, RTGS: sahai tu khamtan)), became a member of the Central Committee Communist Party of Thailand and Chief of Staff of the People's Liberation Army of Thailand.〔The Nation, (Comrades-In-Arms: Their war gone by ), 12 January 2006〕 Surayud completed his early education at Saint Gabriel's College and Suankularb Wittayalai School in Bangkok. He graduated from the inaugural class of Armed Forces Preparatory Academy. As a boy, Surayud's father left his family to go underground to join the Communists. Phayom explained his defection by citing corruption in the army and its inability to defend the powerless.〔Time Magazine, (Surayud Chulanont: A soldier who answered to the people ), 28 April 2003〕 His father's defection to the Communists had a large impact on Surayud. Surayud's son, Non, noted that, "My father always told me that we must help each other redeem the tarnished family name of Chulanont so that Thais can look up to it."〔 Matichon Weekly, "จาก 'ปู่พโยม' ถึง 'พ่ิอสุรยุทธ์' 'จุลานนท์' ในสายตา 'ร.อ.นนท์' 'นายกฯสุรยุทธ์' และการปฏิวัติ ในสายตาลูกทหาร" ("From 'Grandfather Phayom' to 'Father Surayud', 'Chulanont' in the Eyes of 'Captain Non', 'Premier Surayud' and Rebellion in the Eyes of the Son of a Soldier"), 15–21 December 2006〕 Surayud entered the Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy (CRMA) and graduated from Class 12. Surayud was conferred honorary Doctor of Philosophy degrees in: 1. Communication Arts in 1995 by Wongchavalidkul University, Thailand. 2. Liberal Arts (Rural Planning and Development) in 2000 by Maejo University, Thailand. 3. Liberal Arts (Political Science) in 2004 by Prince of Songkla University, Thailand. 4. Engineering in April 2007 by Tokai University, Japan. 5. Social Development in December 2008 by Huachiew University, Thailand. Surayud currently serves as chancellors of the council of King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Thailand, and Phetchaburi Rajabhat University. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Surayud Chulanont」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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